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Imaging element distribution and speciation in plant cells.

机译:成像元素在植物细胞中的分布和形态。

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摘要

To maintain cellular homeostasis, concentrations, chemical speciation, and localization of mineral nutrients and toxic trace elements need to be regulated. Imaging the cellular and subcellular localization of elements and measuring their in situ chemical speciation are challenging tasks that can be undertaken using synchrotron-based techniques, such as X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption spectrometry, and mass spectrometry-based techniques, such as secondary ion mass spectrometry and laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We review the advantages and limitations of these techniques, and discuss examples of their applications, which have revealed highly heterogeneous distribution patterns of elements in different cell types, often varying in chemical speciation. Combining these techniques with molecular genetic approaches can unravel functions of genes involved in element homeostasis.
机译:为了维持细胞稳态,需要调节浓度,化学形态以及矿物质营养物质和有毒微量元素的定位。成像元素的细胞和亚细胞定位并测量其原位化学形态是具有挑战性的任务,可以使用基于同步加速器的技术(例如X射线荧光和X射线吸收光谱法以及基于质谱的技术,例如二次离子质谱和激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱。我们审查了这些技术的优点和局限性,并讨论了它们的应用示例,这些示例揭示了不同细胞类型中元素的高度异质分布模式,这些元素通常在化学形态上有所不同。将这些技术与分子遗传学方法相结合可以揭示参与元素稳态的基因的功能。

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